Centrul Diplomatic/Diplomatic Center

Centrul de Studii Politice si Diplomatie/ Center for Political Science and Diplomacy

ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN: 20 YEARS OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. AN OUTSTANDING CEREMONY OF FRIENDSHIP

On 23 May 2012, Romania had hosted, in the splendid venue of Palace of Culture and Education, the Academic and Diplomatic Conference: ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN: 20 YEAR OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP.

Professor dr. Anton Caragea, Ambassador Talgat Kaliyev, Ambassador of Iraq-Dr. Mohammed Saeed Al-Shakarchi ( BEST AMBASSADOR FOR 2011), Minister of Culture-Mircea Diaconu, prof.dr.Aurelian Bondrea-Rector of Spiru Haret University  

The conference was dedicated to the 20th anniversary of Kazakhstan-Romania diplomatic relations. A significant celebration, keeping in mind that Kazakhstan is today the most important economic and strategic partner of Romania in Central Asia.
Professor dr.Aurelian Bondrea held a welcoming speech for the distinguished guest on behalf of academic community expressing the support for fostering Romania- Kazakhstan cooperation and friendship.

H.E. Emil Constantinescu, President of Romania ( 1996-2000), describing key elements of Romania-Kazakhstan friendship. 

The Conference was opened with the key-note speech of H.E. Emil Constantinescu, President of Romania ( 1996-2000) who stress important moments in the bilateral relations: Romania and Kazakhstan  in the last years. He elaborate on the hosting in Bucharest of International Academic Conference KAZAKHSTAN CHAIRMANSHIP OF OSCE ( 24 February 2010). This being the only case when Romanian diplomacy supported openly the O.S.C.E.  restructuring agenda put forward by Kazakhstan or  the hosting by Romania of the International Conference celebrating 20 years of Kazakhstan achievements on the road of independence.

The Conference titled: KAZAKHSTAN: 20 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE AND PROGRESS express Romania support for the economic and political development of Kazakhstan, that in a short span of time, only 20 years had become a supplier of security and stability in all Central Asia area.

Minister of Culture, Mircea Diaconu-Expressing Romanian Government support for strengthening the Romania-Kazakhstan relation.

Expressing Romanian Government support for strengthening the Romania-Kazakhstan relation, the Minister of Culture, Mircea Diaconu underlined the support offered by Romania to Astana bid of hosting EXPO 2017 by organizing the art exhibition ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE.

The same pledge was contained in Minister of Economy speech and other officials present at the conference and in the message of Romanian Parliament conveyed for this special occasion by Vice-President of Cultural Commission of Romanian Parliament Deputy Ahmed Aledin.

Vice-President of Cultural Commission of Romanian Parliament Deputy Ahmed Aledin conveyed Romanian Parliament message .

Professor Dr. Anton Caragea, Director of Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation of Romania had expressed the commitment of Romania in upholding a strategic relation build with Kazakhstan. Romania is fallowing with great interest and appreciation the tremendous achievements of Kazakhstan and has lost no opportunity in emphasizing his long standing desire for supporting Kazakhstan progresses by hosting important events such as International Conference on OSCE- Kazakhstan Chairmanship (24 February 200) endorsing Kazakhstan reform agenda for the OSCE, Academic conference marking 20 years of Kazakhstan independence: KAZAKHSTAN 20 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE AND PROGRESS and supporting Astana bid for EXPO 2017 by organizing ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE Exhibition in Bucharest concluded professor Anton Caragea.

Professor Dr. Anton Caragea, Director of Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation presented the strategic partnership: Romania-Kazakhstan .

The High Representative of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan, H.E. Serzhan Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV had taken the floor expressing Kazakhstan side appreciation for the organizers of  Academic and Diplomatic Conference: ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN: 20 YEAR OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP. Kazakhstan is regarding the relation with Romania with application and dedication as is the only strategic partnership in the region. Romania is representing for Kazakhstan the main diplomatic partner in this region, the main investment area in Europe, the most important economic and trade partner and a political allied concluded Deputy Foreign Minister of Kazakhstan Mr. Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV.

The High Representative of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan, H.E. Serzhan Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV conveyed Kazakhstan message of friendship. 

The final key note message was expressed by  H.E. Ion Iliescu, President of Romania ( 1990-1996;2000-2004) who emphasized that Romanian stance in celebrating 20 years of diplomatic relations with Kazakhstan it is not only a testimony of unprecedented development in the last years of the diplomatic and economic relationships between the two countries, but also a testimony to Romania`s ability to efficiently mobilize and organize the intellectual elite and to host international resounding events destined to boost the Europe bridging towards Central Asia.

H.E. Ion Iliescu, President of Romania ( 1990-1996;2000-2004)  recalling the decision taken 20 years a go in establishing Romania-Kazakhstan diplomatic relations.

In the thunderous applause the diplomatic corp accredited to Romania welcomed  the decision to award the ROMANIAN MEDAL OF HONOR for DIPLOMATIC ACHIEVEMENTS for H.E. Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan- Dr. YERZHAN KAZYKHANOV was read out by Professor Dr. Anton Caragea.

The insignia, official decree and the medal where entrusted to Deputy Foreign Minister of Kazakhstan Mr. Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV to be offered to Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan.

The decision to award the ROMANIAN MEDAL OF HONOR for DIPLOMATIC ACHIEVEMENTS for H.E. Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan- Dr. YERZHAN KAZYKHANOV.

The concluding speech of the conference had being held by H.E. Kazakhstan Charge d`affairs to Romania Mr. Talgat Kaliyev who conveyed his heartfelt and sincere appreciation for the host and organizers of this impressive event.

A full hall listen the message of friendship between Romania and Kazakhstan.

After the conference, diplomats and academics present on the venue had visited a Book Exhibition hosted on the Palace of Culture and Education and dedicated to Kazakhstan and having in the center the book of President of Kazakhstan : In the heart of Eurasia by Nursultan Nazarbayev.

 The Academic and Diplomatic Conference: ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN 20 YEAR OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP had being unanimously appreciated as a unique diplomatic manifestation of friendship reuniting in honor of Romania-Kazakhstan strategic partnership: two presidents, two ministers and eight state secretary in an unprecedented manifestation of solidarity and friendship between the two countries.

Professor dr.Aurelian Bondrea-Rector of Spiru Haret University is offering the academic community salute.

   

Ambassador of Slovenia , Ambassador of Iraq , Ambassador of United Arab Emirates, Turkmenistan Representative  

Ambassadors present in the venue of the conference.

Qatar Charge d`affairs -Almuhannad Ali H.A.Al-Hammadi

Ambassador of United Arab Emirates -Yacoub Yousef Al Hosani

Minister of Culture entertaining with the ambassadors at the Romanian-Kazakhstan Book Exhibition: in the first line Slovenian Ambassadors- Jadranka ŠTURM KOCJAN and  Ambassador of Venezuela -Z. Coromoto Prieto de Rodriguez.

May 27, 2012 Posted by | Astana, Blackseanews Agency, Diplomacy, Eastern Europe, Ecology, Economy, Environment, European Council on International Relations, Foreign policy, History, Human Rights Council, Informations, Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation, International Relation, Islam, Kazahstan, Kazakhstan, Leaders, Mass media, News, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Open Letter, Orient, Oriental Art, OSCE-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, Politics, Romanian economy, Romanian Foreign Policy, UNESCO Heritage List, United Nations Global Compact, Universitati, Universities | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

20 DE ANI DE RELATII DIPLOMATICE ROMANIA-KAZAHSTAN. O ANIVERSARE DE AMPLOARE

In data de 23 mai Romania a gazduit, in splendidul Palat al Culturii si Educatiei din inima Bucurestiului, Conferinta Academica si Diplomatica: ROMANIA-KAZAHSTAN 20 DE ANI DE RELATII DIPLOMATICE. UN PARTENERIAT STRATEGIC.

Profesor dr. Anton Caragea, Ambasador Talgat Kaliyev, Ambasadorul Irakului-Dr. Mohammed Saeed Al-Shakarchi ( CEL MAI BUN AMBASADOR AL ANULUI 2011) , Ministrul Culturii-Mircea Diaconu, prof.dr.Aurelian Bondrea-Rectorul Universitatii Spiru Haret 

Conferinta a fost dedicata celei de a 20-a aniversari a stabilirii relatiilor diplomatice intre Romania si Kazahstan, aniversare cu atat mai importanta cu cat Kazahstanul este astazi  cel mai important partener economic si politic al Romaniei din zona Asiei Centrale.

Profesor Dr. Aurelian Bondrea a tinut discursul de bun venit inaltilor oaspeti din partea comunitatii academice, exprimand dorinta ca relatia Romania-Kazahstan sa cunoasca o permanenta dezvoltare.

Emil Constantinescu , Presedinte al Romaniei   ( 1996-2000) dezvoltand tema prieteniei Romania-Kazahstan. 

Conferinta a fost deschisa de Dl. Emil Constantinescu , Presedinte al Romaniei      ( 1996-2000) ce a subliniat  principalele momente ale relatiei bilaterale,momente ce au facut din Kazahstan un partener strategic al Romaniei in Asia Centrala. Astfel au fost mentionate : organizarea la Bucuresti a Conferintei Internationale de sustinere a Presedintiei Kazahstanului la OSCE ( 24 februarie 2010), singura conferinta de acest gen din istoria diplomatiei romanesti ce a exprimat sprijinul romanesc pentru agenda de reformare a OSCE propusa de Kazahstan si organizarea in Romania, cu ocazia aniversarii a 20 de ani de independenta a Kazahstanului, a Conferintei Academice KAZAHSTAN: 20 de ANI DE INDEPENDENTA SI PROGRES, conferinta ce a marcat extraordinarele rezultate obtinute de Kazahstan in ultimii 20 de ani in planul dezvoltarii economice si politice devenind astazi un furnizor de securitate la nivel regional.

Ministrului Culturii, dl.Mircea Diaconu a prezentat salutul Guvernului pentru aniversarea a 20 de prietenie romano-kazaha.

A urmat apoi discursul Ministrului Culturii, dl.Mircea Diaconu, ce a prezentat salutul Guvernului pentru aceasta manifestare si ce a reiterat sprijinul acordat de catre Romania si guvernul sau  gazduirii EXPO 2017 in capitala Kazahstanului-Astana, prin organizarea  Expozitiei ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI la Bucuresti.

La fel mesajele Ministrului Economiei si cel al Parlamentului Romaniei prezentat de Vice-Presedintele Comisiei de Cultura a Parlamentului-deputatul Ahmed Aledin au subliniat constanta Romaniei in a sustine proiectele internationale ale Kazahstanului, precum si sustinerea fata de gazduirea EXPO 2017 in capitala Kazahstanului-Astana.

Vice-Presedintele Comisiei de Cultura a Parlamentului-deputatul Ahmed Aledin a prezentat salutul Parlamentului Romaniei

Profesor dr.Anton Caragea, Directorul Institutului de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica,  a prezentat in alocutiunea sa faptul ca Romania urmareste cu simpatie si interes dezvoltarea impresionanta a Kazahstanului si si-a exprimat sustinerea in nenumarate randuri prin : organizarea la Bucuresti a Conferintei OSCE – Presedintia Kazahstanului ( 24 februarie 2010) , celebrarea in mod festiv a celor 20 de ani de independenta ai Kazahstanului prin Conferinta Internationala : Kazahstan 20 de ani de independenta si progres si in final sustinerea candidaturii orasului Astana ca organizator la EXPO 2017.

Profesor dr.Anton Caragea, Directorul Institutului de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica prezinta relatia strategica Romania-Kazahstan.

Inaltul Reprezentant al Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului, Dl. Serzhan Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV a raspuns apoi, cu emotie, sentimentelor de prietenie exprimate de partea romana, subliniind ca partea kazaha priveste cu seriozitate si dedicatie dezvoltarea relatiei cu Romania, deoarece Kazahstanul are in Romania cel mai important partener politic in aceasta zona a lumii.

Inaltul Reprezentant al Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului Dl. Serzhan Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV prezinta salutul Kazahstanului. 

Totodata nu trebuie uitat ca Romania este principalul partener economic al Kazahstanului in regiune, este tara ce a primit cele mai mari investitii ale Kazahstanului din intreaga lume si este principalul partener politic si diplomatic  in Europa, a mai subliniat Serzhan Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV-Ministru adjunct al Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului.

Ion Iliescu, Presedinte al Romaniei ( 1990-1996 ;2000-2004)  rememoreaza decizia de acum 20 de ani de stabilire a relatiilor diplomatice Romania-Kazahstan.

Ultimul mesaj al conferintei a fost prezentat de Dl. Ion Iliescu, Presedinte al Romaniei ( 1990-1996 ;2000-2004) ce a subliniat in alocutiunea sa ca : organizarea in Romania a unei conferinte de amploare marcand cei 20 de ani de relatii diplomatice dintre Romania si Kazahstan   este o marturie nu doar a dezvoltarii fara precedent a relatiilor diplomatice si economice dintre cele doua tari , dar si a capacitatii Romaniei de a mobiliza eficient elita intelectuala si de a gazdui evenimente de rasunet international menite sa marcheze apropierea dintre Uniunea Europeana si zona Asiei Centrale.

Apoi, in aplauzele entuziaste ale corpului diplomatic acreditat in Romania, profesor dr. Anton caragea  a citit decizia de acordare a MEDALIEI DE ONOARE PENTRU ACTIVITATE DIPLOMATICA EXTRAORDINARA, Ministrului Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului Dr. YERZHAN KAZYKHANOV.

Transmiterea decoratiei pentru activitate diplomatica extraordinara Ministrului Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului Dr. YERZHAN KAZYKHANOV

Insigna, medalia si decretul de acordare a inaltei distinctii au fost inmanate Ministrului Adjunct al Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului dl. Serzhan Oralbayevich ABDYKARIMOV pentru a fi oferite,  in semn de inalta apreciere Ministrului Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului.

Ultimul cuvant de calda apreciere a gazdelor si a eforturilor partii romane a apartinut Excelentei Sale Talgat Kaliyev, Insarcinat cu Afaceri al Ambasadei Republicii Kazahstan in Romania .

O sala plina asculta mesajul de prietenie Romania-Kazahstan.

Dupa conferinta, universitari si diplomati au vizitat Expozitia de carte dedicata Kazahstanului si  deschisa la Palatul Culturii si Educatiei avand in centrul ei cunoscuta lucrare : In Inima Eurasiei, a presedintelui Kazahstanului- Nursultan Nazarbayev.

 Conferinta Academica si Diplomatica: ROMANIA-KAZAHSTAN 20 DE ANI DE RELATII DIPLOMATICE. UN PARTENERIAT STRATEGIC a fost unanim apreciata ca o manifestare diplomatica a unei prietenii de exceptie ce a reunit ( caz unic in analele diplomatiei romanesti)  in onoarea relatiei Romania- Kazahstan : doi presedinti, doi ministrii si opt secretari de stat, intr-o manifestare fara precedent a solidaritatii si prieteniei intre cele doua tari.

Prof.dr.Aurelian Bondrea-Rectorul Universitatii Spiru Haret adreseaza salutul comunitatii academice

   

Ambasadoarea Sloveniei , Ambasadorul Irakului , Ambasadorul Emiratelor Arabe Unite , Reprezentantul Turkmenistanului 

Ambasadori prezenti la eveniment.

Insarcinatul cu afaceri al Qatar-ului-Almuhannad Ali H.A.Al-Hammadi

Ambasadorul Emiratelor Arabe Unite-Yacoub Yousef Al Hosani

Ministrul Culturii discuta cu ambasadorii prezenti la eveniment: in prim plan ambasadoarea Sloveniei- Jadranka ŠTURM KOCJAN si ambasadoarea Venezuelei-Z. Coromoto Prieto de Rodriguez

May 27, 2012 Posted by | Astana, Blackseanews Agency, Diplomatie, Economia Romaniei, Educatie, European Council on International Relations, Foreign policy, Institutul de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica, Islam, Kazahstan, Mass media, News, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Orient, OSCE-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, Piata imobiliara, Politica externa a Romaniei, Relatii Internationale, Turism, Universitati | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

KAZAKHSTAN- THE CENTRAL ASIA LEOPARD

  The book Kazakhstan-The Central Asia Leopard by university professor Anton Caragea is opening to the Romanian public a rare opportunity to have a glimpse into an unfamiliar and far away world: Central Asia.

Unfortunately until now this vast space was unexplored by Romanian literature. With this book, the eminent researcher and diplomat Anton Caragea is creating for us an exceptional political, economic and cultural guide, offering a chance to take part in the spectacle of two millennia of history of the heart of Central Asia: Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan-The Central Asia Leopard is allowing the reader to uncover the fascination and richness of Scythians society, the splendor of the empires of Otrar and Taraz, lifting the veil over the adventure of Kazakhs khan history, the tragedies of soviet history until the remarkable re-birth of today Kazakhstan.

 Extremely interesting is the fact that the work is by itself an opportunity to attend, as informed spectators to recent history of Kazakhstan: from the construction of a new capital: Astana, to the birth of a new state on world map: Kazakhstan and the enormous exertions of president Nursultan Nazarbayev to map it as a major state on world arena. All  this historical fresco`s  are interesting, documented and benefits of a full of passion presentation, transforming this book in a major editorial enterprise of the last years.

Finally, for the readers loving practical`s aspects the book is more than satisfactory: chapter`s dedicated to tourism, political and economic information and a practical guide presenting Kazakhstan cultural and natural reserves, region after region, city by city, all the information`s are accessible, combining hundred of books and documents in a research that is becoming an essential guide for all those wishing to have access to a region that is rapidly emerging as a world power: Central Asia.

In the end, I can only hope that this impressive work of erudition by professor Anton Caragea will have the reader that it deserves and will be read by history passionate and will open a Romanian research school on Central Asia.

Dr.Mircea Constantinescu-European Diplomatic Academy

May 21, 2012 Posted by | Diplomacy, Economy, Foreign policy, History, Informations, International Relation, Leaders, Mass media, News, Politics | , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

KAZAHSTAN-LEOPARDUL ASIEI CENTRALE

Lucrarea Kazahstan-Leopardul Asiei Centrale, a profesorului universitar Anton Caragea, ofera publicului din Romania posibilitatea rara de a patrunde intr-o lume indepartata si putin familiara : lumea Asiei Centrale.

Din nefericire acest spatiu extrem de complex si interesant este putin explorat in literatura de specialitate din Romania. Acum insa profesorul Anton Caragea, un eminent istoric si diplomat,  ne ofera prin lucrarea sa un ghid istoric, cultural si politic de exceptie, purtandu-ne de a lungul a aproape doua  milenii de istorie a Asiei Centrale vazuta prin prisma Kazahstanului.

Cartea Kazahstan –Leopardul Asiei Centrale, permite cititorului sa descopere fascinatia si bogatia civilizatiei scitice, splendoarea imperiilor  ridicate in jurul Otrarului sau Tarazului, ridica valul de pe epopeea hanatelor kazahe , tragediile epocii sovietice sau renasterea remarcabila a Kazahstanului de astazi.

 Interesant este ca lucrarea ne ofera posibilitatea de a participa ca cititori avizati la istoria recenta a Kazahstanului cuprinzand  constructia noii capitale : Astana, aparitia unui nou stat pe harta lumii-Kazahstan si enormul efort al presedintelui Nursultan Nazarbayev  de a-l pune pe harta marilor state ale lumii, totul este prezentat alert, documentat si interesant, facand din aceasta lucrare o aparitie editoriala de exceptie a ultimilor ani.

In final, pentru cititorul iubitor de aspecte practice, lucrarea are de ce sa fie din nou mai mult decat multumitoare : capitole dedicate  turismului, informatiilor economice si politice si un ghid practic ce ne prezinta Kazahstanul din punct de vedere al culturii si resurselor naturale, regiune dupa regiune si oras dupa oras. Toate informatiile sunt prezentate accesibil, unind lectura a sute de carti si documente intr-o lucrare ce devine un ghid esential , de nedespartit, pentru toti cei ce vor sa cunoasca  o regiune de viitor a omenirii : Kazahstanul si Asia Centrala.

Pentru a incheia nu pot decat sa adresez acestei frumoase lucrari de inalta eruditie sa aiba cititorii pe care ii merita si daca latinii au dreptate ca fiecare carte are soarta ei, fie ca soarta acestei carti sa fie buna si sa ajunga in mainile a cat mai multi cititori si sa deschida poate o scoala romaneasca de cunoastere a istoriei Asiei Centrale.

Dr. Mircea Constantinescu-Academia Diplomatica Europeana

May 21, 2012 Posted by | Astana, Blackseanews Agency, Diplomatie, Economia Romaniei, Educatie, Institutul de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica, International Relation, Islam, Kazahstan, Mass media, Orient, Oriental Art, Politica externa a Romaniei, Travel, Turism, UNESCO Heritage List, Universitati | , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP CELEBRATES TWO DECADES OF ACOMPLISHMENTS

The year 2012 is marking the 20 years anniversary of Kazakhstan-Romania diplomatic relations. A significant celebration, keeping in mind that Kazakhstan is today the most important economic and strategic partner of Romania in Central Asia.

This outstanding position is based on Kazakhstan impressive transformation into a country that is today the main energy supplier from Central Asia, a renamed military and politic stability supplier for the area and a country with outstanding diplomatic results as the leader of Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in 2010 and of Islamic Conference Organization in 2011 and 2012.

Based on this important achievements Kazakhstan and Romania had build an impressive trade relation of over 3 billion dollars (2008) and a consistent and powerful high level dialogue with Romania forged in many meeting between Presidents of Romania and President of Kazakhstan.

Also an important and continuous governmental and parliamentary dialogue is taken place on regular bases.

Romania is fallowing with great interest and appreciation the tremendous achievements of Kazakhstan and has lost no opportunity in emphasizing his long standing desire for supporting Kazakhstan progresses by hosting important events such as: International Conference on OSCE- Kazakhstan Chairmanship (24 February 200) endorsing Kazakhstan reform agenda for the OSCE, Academic conference marking 20 years of Kazakhstan independence: KAZAKHSTAN 20 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE AND PROGRESS and supporting Astana bid for EXPO 2017 by organizing ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE Exhibition in Bucharest.

Ion Iliescu-President of Romania ( 1990-1996; 2000-2004) at Kazakhstan Independence Celebration ( November 2011)

   This seasoned and sophisticated diplomatic relation will be under scrutiny by the Romanian intellectual elite on 23 may 2012, Academic and Diplomatic Conference: ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN: 20 YEAR OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP.

The Conference hosted and organized by the Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation of Romania and Kazakhstan Embassy in Romania will benefit from the presence of President Ion Iliescu , who 20 years ago signed the diplomatic recognition of Kazakhstan and President Emil Constantinescu, who developed Romania- Kazakhstan relationship.

President of Romania ( 1996-2000)-Emil Constantinescu at International Conference dedicated to Kazakhstan 20 years of independence .

Among the prestigious key note speakers we can count: Mr. Mircea Diaconu-Romanian Minister of Culture, Mr. Daniel Chitoiu- Minister of Economy of Romania, Mr. Trifon Belacurencu – Romania-Kazakhstan Parliamentary Friendship Group, Professor Dr. Anton Caragea-   Director of Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation of Romania and Professor Mircea Constantinescu – Director of European Council on International Relations etc.

 Professor Dr. Anton Caragea-   Director of Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation of Romania at Kazakhstan 20 years of independence celebration. 

The Academic and Diplomatic Conference will also receive special congratulatory message from H.E Talgat Kaliyev, Head of Kazakhstan Embassy in Romania and from Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan, other messages will be presented by the Rector of Spiru Haret University and by European Council on International Relations.

The Academic and Diplomatic Conference: ROMANIA-KAZAKHSTAN 20 YEAR OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP- will highlight important moments in the development of Kazakhstan-Romania diplomatic relations such as:

–         The tremendous development of economic bilateral exchange around a steadily figure of 3 billion dollars annually, the status of strategic investor obtained by Kazakhstan in Romania and the fact that Kazakhstan investments on Romanian energy sector  had transformed in just a few years Kazakhstan in a major source of energy for the emerging economies of Asia and Europe.

–         Another important moment in Romanian-Kazakhstan road on forging a strategic relation is the hosting in Bucharest of International Academic Conference KAZAKHSTAN CHAIRMANSHIP OF OSCE ( 24 February 2010). This was the only case when Romanian diplomacy supported openly the OSCE restructuring agenda put forward by Kazakhstan.

–        Also Romania had hosted the International Conference celebrating 20 years of Kazakhstan achievements on the road of independence. The Conference titled: KAZAKHSTAN: 20 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE AND PROGRESS express Romania support for the economic and political development of Kazakhstan, that in a short span of time, only 20 years had become a supplier of security and stability in all Central Asia area.

–         The support offered by Romania to Astana bid of hosting EXPO 2017 by organizing the art exhibition ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE.

Kazakhstan Ambassador Talgat Kaliyev at Astana-Capital of the Future Exhibition in Bucharest.

 Romanian stance in celebrating 20 years of diplomatic relations with Kazakhstan it is not only a testimony of unprecedented development in the last years of the diplomatic and economic relationships between the two countries, but also a testimony to Romania`s ability to efficiently mobilize and organize the intellectual elite and to host international resounding events destined to support the Europe bridging towards Central Asia.

May 21, 2012 Posted by | Astana, Blackseanews Agency, Diplomacy, Eastern Europe, Ecology, Economy, Environment, European Council on International Relations, Foreign policy, History, Informations, Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation, International Relation, Islam, Kazakhstan, Leaders, Mass media, News, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Open Letter, Orient, Oriental Art, OSCE-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, Politics, Religion, Romanian economy, Romanian Foreign Policy, Romanian Revolution, Tourism, Travel, United Nations Global Compact, Universities | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

PARTENERIATUL STRATEGIC ROMANIA-KAZAHSTAN IMPLINESTE DOUA DECENII

Anul 2012 marcheaza aniversarea a 20 de ani de relatii diplomatice intense intre Romania si Kazahstan.

Kazahstanul este astazi  cel mai important partener economic si politic al Romaniei din zona Asiei Centrale.

 Acest bilant extraordinar se bazeaza pe faptul ca in doar doua decenii de independenta Kazahstanul a reusit o transformare  spectaculoasa: tara a este in prezent principalul exportator de energie al Asiei Centrale, furnizor de securitate militara si politica in regiune si cu rezultate  diplomatice de invidiat in calitate de lider al Organizatiei pentru Securitate si Cooperare in Europa  in 2010  si  lider al Organizatiei Conferintei Islamice in 2011 si 2012.

Cu aceste atuuri Kazahstanul a construit o relatie de succes cu Romania, schimburile economice anuale situandu-se in zona a trei miliarde de dolari, dialogul politic la nivel inalt este consistent, cu vizite reciproce sustinute.

Exista totodata si un important dialog la nivel parlamentar si guvernamental.

Romania urmareste cu simpatie si interes dezvoltarea impresionanta a Kazahstanului si si-a exprimat sustinerea in nenumarate randuri prin : organizarea la Bucuresti a Conferintei OSCE – Presedintia Kazahstanului ( 24 februarie 2010) , celebrarea in mod festiv a celor 20 de ani de independenta ai Kazahstanului prin Conferinta Internationala : Kazahstan 20 de ani de independenta si progres si in final sustinerea candidaturii orasului Astana ca organizator la EXPO 2017.

Acest bilant  al unei relatii diplomatice de succes va fi omagiat de elita intelectuala a Romaniei in data de 23 mai 2012 in cadrul Conferintei Academice si Diplomatice: ROMANIA-KAZAHSTAN 20 DE ANI DE RELATII DIPLOMATICE. UN PARTENERIAT STRATEGIC.

Presedintele Ion Iliescu la aniversarea a 20 de ani de independenta a Kazahstanului.

Conferinta organizata de Institutul de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica si Ambasada Republicii Kazahstan va beneficia de prezenta Presedintelui Ion Iliescu , cel ce a aprobat recunoasterea diplomatica a Kazahstanului acum 20 de ani si a Presedintelui Emil Constantinescu , cel care a dezvoltat relatia Romania- Kazahstan la un nivel strategic.

Presedintele Emil Constantinescu la aniversarea 20 de ani de independenta a Kazahstanului ( noiembrie 2011)

Intre alti prestigiosi vorbitori putem enumera pe : Ministrul Culturii – Mircea Diaconu, Ministrul Economiei- Daniel Chitoiu, Trifon Belacurencu , Grupul Parlamentar de Prietenie Romania- Kazahstan , Prof.Dr. Anton Caragea , Directorul Institutului de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica si Prof.Dr. Mircea Constantinescu , Directorul Consiliului European pentru Relatii Internationale etc.

Prof.Dr. Anton Caragea , Directorul Institutului de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica la aniversarea a 20 de ani de independenta ai Kazahstanului.

Conferinta academica si diplomatica se va bucura si de un mesaj special de salut prezentat de Excelenta Sa Talgat Kaliyev, Insarcinat cu Afaceri al Ambasadei Republicii Kazahstan in Romania si mesajul Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Kazahstanului, alte mesaje vor fi prezentate de Rectorul Universitatii Spiru Haret  si de Consiliul European pentru Relatii Internationale.

Conferinta Academica si Diplomatica : ROMANIA-KAZAHSTAN 20 DE ANI DE RELATII DIPLOMATICE. UN PARTENERIAT STRATEGIC  va discuta importante momente ale transformarii relatiei Romania-Kazahstan precum :

–         dezvoltarea schimburilor economice bilaterale in ultimii 20 de ani, statutul Kazahstanului de investitor strategic in Romania, transformarea Kazahstanului prin investitiile facute in sectorul energetic din Romania in principala sursa de energie a tarilor emergente din Asia si a economiilor europene.

–          organizarea la Bucuresti a Conferintei Internationale de sustinere a Presedintiei Kazahstanului la OSCE ( 24 februarie 2010), singura conferinta de acest gen din istoria diplomatiei romanesti ce a exprimat sprijinul romanesc pentru agenda de reformare a OSCE propusa de Kazahstan.

–        organizarea in Romania, cu ocazia aniversarii a 20 de ani de independenta a Kazahstanului, a Conferintei Academice KAZAHSTAN: 20 de ANI DE INDEPENDENTA SI PROGRES, conferinta ce a marcat extraordinarele rezultate obtinute de Kazahstan in ultimii 20 de ani in planul dezvoltarii economice si politice devenind astazi un furnizor de securitate la nivel regional

–        sprijinul acordat de catre Romania gazduirii EXPO 2017 in capitala Kazahstanului-Astana prin organizarea  Expozitiei ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI la Bucuresti.

Ambasadorul Kazahstanului-Talgat Kaliyev la Expozitia Astana-Capitala Viitorului. 

 Organizarea in Romania a unei conferinte de amploare marcand cei 20 de ani de relatii diplomatice dintre Romania si Kazahstan   este o marturie nu doar a dezvoltarii fara precedent a relatiilor diplomatice si economice dintre cele doua tari , dar si a capacitatii Romaniei de a mobiliza eficient elita intelectuala si de a gazdui evenimente de rasunet international menite sa marcheze apropierea dintre Uniunea Europeana si zona Asiei Centrale.

May 21, 2012 Posted by | Blackseanews Agency, Diplomatie, Eastern Europe, Economia Romaniei, Educatie, Institutul de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica, Islam, Kazahstan, Leaders, Mass media, Ministerul Afacerilor Externe, News, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Orient, OSCE-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, Politica externa a Romaniei, Relatii Internationale, Tourism, Travel, Turism, United Nations Global Compact | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE EXHIBITION EXPRESS ROMANIAN SUPPORT FOR KAZAKHSTAN CAPITAL HOSTING EXPO 2017

On 24 April 2012, in the luxurious surroundings of Palace of Geology, the Official Opening of the Exhibition ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE took place.

The exhibition organized by Embassy of Republic of Kazakhstan in Romania and Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation is destined to express Romania’s support for Astana candidature to host EXPO 2017 International exhibition.

The opening ceremony was held in the presence of Members of Romanian Parliament and Romanian Government, members of  Diplomatic Corp accredited to Romania and countless Romanian and foreign diplomat’s, academicians, personalities of culture and art etc.

Members of Romanian Parliament and Romanian Government, members of  Diplomatic Corp accredited to Romania and countless Romanian and foreign diplomat’s, academicians, personalities of culture and art attend ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE EXHIBITION

In the opening speech, Professor Dr. Anton Caragea, Director of Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation (IRICE) had underlined that ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE Exhibition is destined to offer the   official support of Parliament and Government of Romania to the bilateral strategic relationship between Romania and Kazakhstan   and for the candidature of city of Astana for EXPO 2017.

 ″Astana must be the host of EXPO 2017 as it is the most dynamic city in the Asia region in term of economic development and is the symbol of geopolitical shift towards Asia as the main engine of economic growth and also because Astana is enjoying political support and economic investments of 20 billions euro for holding EXPO 2017 in the best circumstances. Electing Astana is the practical thing to do, is the common sense and the most successful choice″, concluded Professor Dr. Anton Caragea.

Deputy Viorel Palasca, President of Romania-Kazakhstan Friendship Parliamentary Group

Taking the floor, Deputy Viorel Palasca, President of Romania-Kazakhstan Friendship Parliamentary Group   had conveyed Parliament support for Astana:  ″ I assure you of all our support, a traditional one I must add, for Astana receiving a new and deserved international recognition as the host of International EXPO 2017 in a new, dynamic, modern capital that is combining in an outstanding manner the architectural values and the creator spirit of inhabitants of republic of Kazakhstan ″.

Finally, the Deputy V. Palasca had address his warmest congratulations and appreciations for the effort in impeccable hosting and organizing this event to H.E. Talgat Kaliyev- Kazakhstan Charge d`affairs and to Professor Dr. Anton Caragea, IRICE Director.

Deputy Ahmet Aledin, Vice-Chairman of Parliamentary Commission for Culture

Deputy Ahmet Aledin, Vice-Chairman of Parliamentary Commission for Culture had express the general sense of unity among opposition and power alike in the Parliament in supporting the strategic relationship Romania-Kazakhstan.

Senator Trifon Belacurencu had express the Romanian Senate salute

Senator Trifon Belacurencu had express the Romanian Senate salute and support for the exhibition, testifying that the Romanian decision to support Astana as host of EXPO 2017 is just an episode in a long history of bilateral support and friendship.

Also he conveyed the Senate congratulation for peerless hosting and organizing this event to H.E. Talgat Kaliyev-Kazakhstan Charge d`affairs and to Professor Dr. Anton Caragea, IRICE Director.

The rest of the main dignitary’s present at the exhibition such as Sali Negiat- Secretary of State of Romanian Government, Professor Dr. Mircea Constantinescu, director of European Diplomacy Academy   had underlined the staunch support for Kazakhstan –Romanian friendship and support for Astana as host of EXPO 2017.

A special moment was the speech of Mayor Nicolae Ontanu, in thunderous applause, announcing that Astana is having a street named after in the heart of Bucharest.

Equally warm was received the letter signed by President of Cultural Committee Mrs. Raluca Turcan expressing his pledge in supporting all Kazakhstan initiatives in Romania.

Finally emotion overwhelmed H.E. Charge d`affairs of Kazakhstan Talgat Kaliyev took the stand and express his appreciation for the showered praises and feelings of support express toward his country. This solidarity and the desire of building an improved connection is a guarantee that the present day perfect political bilateral relation and economic investments of Kazakhstan in Romania of more than 3 billion dollars are just the beginning.

H.E. Charge d`affairs of Kazakhstan Talgat Kaliyev

In the end H.E. Talgat Kaliyev had presented a short movie about Astana preparations to host EXPO 2017 and stated that the EXPO 2017 in Astana will be a universally shared success.

The final moments of the ceremony where dedicated to a stroll along 20 huge photos of today’s Astana landmarks and then the guest had enjoyed a huge cake named in honour of Astana and patrimony champaign, made specially available for this event.

The Exhibition ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE was broadcasted by 6 Romanian televisions’ (TVR Cultural, TVR Info, TVR 1, National TV, N24 Plus and Travel Mix) and receives dozens of favourable reviews in the press supplementary emphasizing the strong impression left by Kazakhstan to Romanian public.

The Exhibition ASTANA-CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE, the most important cultural event hosted by Romania in 2012, remained opened between 23 and 27 of April 2012 receiving more than 18.000 visitors in this period of time, witnessing the powerful impression left by Astana to Romanian public.

Among the tens of diplomatic representatives present on the venue of the ASTANA CAPITAL OF THE FUTURE EXHIBITION we have selected a FEW but we say THANK YOU to ALL  dear friends:

Ambassador of Brasil H.E.  Raymundo Santos Rocha MAGNO

Ambassador of Iraq- BEST AMBASSADOR FOR 2011 H.E.Mohammed Saeed AL-SHAKARCHI  visits the ASTANA EXHIBITION

Turkmenistan Ambassador Representative among Ministry of Culture delegation

Ambassadors of Iraq H.E.Mohammed Saeed AL-SHAKARCHI and Malaezia H.E. Mohd Fareed ZAKARIA

 Eight dignitaries of Romania had come to pledge support for Romania-Kazakhstan strategic relation

H.E. Ambassador of Venezuela Mrs. Zulay Coromoto Prieto de Rodriguez

Ambassadors of Brasil , Chile and Venezuela

Ambassadors of Kazakhstan, Iraq and Venezuela are cutting the cake ASTANA

May 1, 2012 Posted by | Astana, Blackseanews Agency, Diplomacy, Eastern Europe, Ecology, Economy, Environment, European Council on International Relations, Foreign policy, History, Informations, Institute of International Relations and Economic Cooperation, International Relation, Islam, Kazahstan, Kazakhstan, Leaders, Mass media, News, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Open Letter, Oriental Art, OSCE-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, Politics, Romanian economy, Romanian Foreign Policy, Tourism, Travel, United Nations Global Compact, Universities | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 3 Comments

EXPOZITIA ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI EXPRIMA SPRIJINUL ROMANESC PENTRU ORGANIZAREA EXPO 2017 IN CAPITALA KAZAHSTANULUI

In data de 24 aprilie 2012, in cadrul somptuos oferit de Palatul Muzeului de Geologie, a avut loc deschiderea oficiala a expozitiei de sprijin pentru candidatura orasului Astana la EXPO 2017: ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI .

Ceremonia de deschidere a beneficiat de prezenta membrilor Parlamentului si Guvernului  Romaniei , de prezenta Corpului Diplomatic acreditat la Bucuresti si a nenumarati diplomati, academicieni si oameni de cultura.

Ceremonia de deschidere a EXPOZITIEI ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI beneficiat de prezenta membrilor Parlamentului si Guvernului  Romaniei , de prezenta Corpului Diplomatic acreditat la Bucuresti si a nenumarati diplomati, academicieni si oameni de cultura.

In cuvantul sau de deschidere, prof.dr.Anton Caragea, Directorul Institutului de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica,  a subliniat ca Expozitia Astana-Capitala Viitorului este destinata a exprima sprijinul oficial al Parlamentului si Guvernului Romaniei pentru relatia strategica Romania-Kazahstan si pentru candidatura orasului Astana ca organizator al EXPO 2017.

Astana trebuie sa fie gazda EXPO 2017, deoarece este capitala din Asia Centrala ce cunoaste cea mai rapida crestere demografica si economica, este simbolul schimbarii geopolitice ce pune Asia in centrul dezvoltarii economice si politice mondiale si beneficiaza de vointa politica si de un buget de 20 de miliarde de euro pentru desfasurarea expozitiei in cele mai bune coditii.

Alegerea Astanei este alegerea practica, de bun simt si de succes a concluzionat prof.dr.Anton Caragea.

Deputatul Viorel Palasca, Presedintele Grupului Parlamentar de Prietenie Romania-Kazakhstan

La randul sau deputatul Viorel Palasca, Presedintele Grupului Parlamentar de Prietenie Romania-Kazakhstan, a transmis sprijinul Parlamentului pentru alegerea Astanei: ″va asigur de tot sprijinul nostru, de altfel unul traditional, pentru ca orasul Astana sa capete o noua si meritata recunoastere internationala odata cu organizarea Expozitiei Internaţionale din 2017 intr-o capitala moderna, dinamica ce imbină intr-o manieră exceptionala valorile arhitectonice si mai ales prezinta spiritul creator si novator al locuitorilor Republicii Kazahstan″.

In final deputatul a adresat cele mai calde aprecieri pentru E.S Talgat Kaliyev, Insarcinatul cu Afaceri al Kazahstanului in Romania  si pentru E.S. prof.dr.Anton Caragea, Director IRICE pentru organizarea impecabila a acestui important eveniment bilateral.

Deputatul Ahmet Aledin , Vice-Presedintele Comisiei Parlamentare pentru Cultura

Deputatul Ahmet Aledin , Vice-Presedintele Comisiei Parlamentare pentru Cultura a exprimat sprijinul general de care Kazakhstanul si candidatura Astanei se bucura in Parlament. Puterea si opozitia laolalta fiind de acord asupra dezvoltarii relatiei strategice Romania-Kazahstan.

Senatorul Trifon Belacurencu a adresat cuvantul de salut al Senatului Romaniei

Senatorul Trifon Belacurencu a adresat cuvantul de salut al Senatului Romaniei apreciind ca: Decizia Romaniei de a sprijinii candidatura orasului Astana pentru EXPO2017 este doar un episod al acestei relatii de colaborare si prietenie. Totodata si domnia sa a exprimat aprecierea inaltului for pentru eforturile desfasurate de Insarcinatul cu Afaceri al Kazahstanului-Talgat Kaliyev si prof.dr.Anton Caragea director IRICE in desfasurarea acestui extraordinar eveniment.

  Ceilalti vorbitori au exprimat sprijinul hotarat in dezvoltarea relatiei bilaterale Romania-Kazahstan si in sprijinirea tuturor initiativelor bilaterale de dezvoltare a dialogului.

Pe aceasta linie sau inscris Sali Negiat-Secretar de stat al Guvernului Romaniei, prof.dr.Mircea Constantinescu-Director Academia Diplomatica Europeana si alti demnitari prezenti.

Un moment special a fost discursul primarului Nicoale Ontanu, ce a anuntat decizia oficiala de a numi o strada din Bucuresti cu numele Astana, decizie salutata cu spectaculoase aplauze de cei prezenti.

La fel de calduros a fost primita scrisoarea Presedintei Comisiei de Cultura Raluca Turcanu, anuntand  decizia sa de-a contribui la dezvoltarea relatiei bilaterale Romania – Kazahstan.

Excelenta Sa Dl. Talgat Kaliyev –Insarcinatul cu afaceri al Kazahstanului in Romania

In final Excelenta Sa Dl. Talgat Kaliyev –Insarcinatul cu afaceri al Kazahstanului in Romania s-a exprimat, plin de autentica emotie, la vederea solidaritatii si respectului cu care Kazahstanul este privit in Romania de cele mai inalte autoritati, dar si de intreaga populatie.

Aceasta solidaritate si dorinta de a construi o relatie de succes sunt garantia ca intre cele doua tari dialogul se va dezvolta si relatia politica perfecta de astazi si investitiile de 3 miliarde de dolari ale Kazahstanului in Romania nu sunt decat un inceput.

Multumind pentru sprijinul acordat candidaturii Astanei la EXPO 2017, dl. Talgat Kaliyev a prezentat un film despre eforturile extraordinare depuse de Astana pentru a gazdui expozitia internationala in cele mai bune conditii, apreciind ca EXPO 2017 la Astana va fi un succes deosebit.

La finalul manifestarii oaspetii au putut sa admire nestingheriti 20 de tablouri uriase, reprezentand minunile arhitectonice ale capitalei Kazahstanului: Astana si sau putut delecta cu un urias tort botezat Astana in onoarea gazdei EXPO 2017 si cu sampanie rara de patrimoniu, adusa special pentru aceasta ocazie.

Expozitia a fost transmisa de 6 posturi de televiziune ( TVR Cultural, TVR Info, TVR 1, National TV, N24 Plus si Travel Mix ) si oglindita in zeci de articole de presa, marturie suplimentara a prestigiului extraordinar de care Kazahstanul se bucura in societatea romaneasca.

Expozitia ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI , cel mai important eveniment cultural din Romania anului 2012, a ramas deschisa intre 23 si 27 aprilie 2012 fiind vizitata de peste 18.000 de bucuresteni, marturie a viului interes nascut de capitala Kazahstanului.

Dintre zecile de reprezentanti diplomatici prezenti la ASTANA-CAPITALA VIITORULUI am selectat cativa, dar le multumim tuturor pentru prezenta:

Ambasadorul Braziliei Excelenta Sa Raymundo Santos Rocha MAGNO

Ambassadorul Irak-ului- CEL MAI BUN AMBASADOR ACREDITAT IN ROMANIA PENTRU ANUL 2011 E.S.Mohammed Saeed AL-SHAKARCHI  prezent la  EXPOZITIA ASTANA

Reprezentantul Ambasadei Turkmenistanului inconjurat de delegatia Ministerului Culturii

Ambasadorii  Irak-ului E.S. Mohammed Saeed AL-SHAKARCHI si ai Malaeziei E.S. Mohd Fareed ZAKARIA

 Opt inalti demnitari ai Romaniei isi exprima sprijinul pentru relatia strategica Romania-Kazakhstan

E.S. Ambasadoarea Venezuelei Zulay Coromoto Prieto de Rodriguez

Ambasadorii Braziliei, Chile si Venezuela

Ambasadorii Kazahstanului, Irak-ului si Venezuelei taie Tortul ASTANA

May 1, 2012 Posted by | Astana, Blackseanews Agency, Diplomatie, Economia Romaniei, Educatie, European Council on International Relations, Institutul de Relatii Internationale si Cooperare Economica, Islam, Kazahstan, Kazakhstan, Kazakstan, Mass media, News, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Orient, Politica externa a Romaniei, Relatii Internationale, Turism, Universitati | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 3 Comments